VAT Calculator
Quickly add or remove VAT from any amount. This calculator supports the UK standard VAT rate of 20%, the reduced rate of 5%, and the zero rate. Get instant results showing the VAT amount, net price, and gross price with clear step-by-step workings.
How It Works
VAT (Value Added Tax) is a consumption tax applied to most goods and services in the UK. The standard rate is 20%, with a reduced rate of 5% for certain items such as domestic energy and children's car seats.
Adding VAT
Gross = Net × (1 + VAT Rate ÷ 100)
VAT Amount = Net × (VAT Rate ÷ 100)
Removing VAT
Net = Gross ÷ (1 + VAT Rate ÷ 100)
VAT Amount = Gross − Net
To remove VAT you divide by the VAT multiplier rather than multiplying. A common mistake is to subtract the percentage directly, which gives the wrong answer.
Worked Examples
Example 1: Add 20% VAT to £250
VAT = £250 × 0.20 = £50. Gross = £250 + £50 = £300
Example 2: Remove 20% VAT from £360
Net = £360 ÷ 1.20 = £300. VAT = £360 − £300 = £60 VAT, £300 net
Example 3: Add 5% VAT to £80
VAT = £80 × 0.05 = £4. Gross = £80 + £4 = £84
Example 4: Remove 5% VAT from £210
Net = £210 ÷ 1.05 = £200. VAT = £210 − £200 = £10 VAT, £200 net
Example 5: Add 20% VAT to £1,200
VAT = £1,200 × 0.20 = £240. Gross = £1,200 + £240 = £1,440
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